第四讲  连 词

连词是一种虚词，在句子中不能单独作句子成分。连接词与词，短语和短语或句子与句子。

1. 并列关系

并列连词：用来连接句子中相同成分的词、短语、或句子。

and …和…，…以及…   both…and  既…又…

not  only…but also不但…而且…   as well as  也，又。

Tom and I are friends.（连接主语）

He can speak and write English very well.（连接两个谓语）

We are happy and gay.我们兴高采烈。（连接两个表语）

Both my father and mother like singing.（连接两个主语）

Not only his parents but also he is very nice to me.

He neither drinks nor smokes.（连接两个谓语）

I can sing as well as Tom (sings) .（连接两个分句子）

2. 转折关系：表示两个概念彼此有转折关系。

常见的连词有：but 但是，yet 然而， while 而，however 可是，然而。

She can play the piano but not the violin.

He isn’t tall,  yet he is strong.

3. 选择关系：表示在两者间选择其一。

or 或者     either…or…  不是……就是……

or else 否则            otherwise  否则……

You must hurry or you’ll be late.（连接两个分句）

Put on your sweater, or else you will catch a cold.（同上）

I went at once，otherwise I would have missed him.（同上）

4. 因果关系：说明原因或产生的结果。

常见的连词有：for, so, therefore.

It must have rained last night, for the road is wet.（同上）

5. 从属连词：用来连接主句和名词性从句的连词。

连词：that ,whether/ if .

I am sure that you’re certain to win.

He asked me if I could help him.

It’s certain(肯定) that they will win the final victory.

连接状语从句：when, after, before, as, as soon as, while, till, since.

The train had left when I got to the station.

Where there is life there is hope.留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。

If you work hard, you are sure to succeed.

The wind blew so hard that we could hardly walk.

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